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Dual Language Programs

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Kindergarten, 1st Grade, 2nd Grade, 3rd Grade, 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade

About the Intervention

Dual language programs provide instruction in both English and a partner language (such as Spanish, Mandarin, Japanese, French, Russian, or Chinese) to students from kindergarten through grade 8. These programs can serve either one language group (one-way programs, where all students are native English speakers learning a partner language) or two language groups (two-way programs, where both native English speakers and native speakers of the partner language learn together). The programs span at least the elementary grades and provide at least 50% of instruction in the partner language, with participating students receiving instruction every day continuously across multiple school years. Schools establish leadership teams to select and oversee the program model, hire teachers fluent in the partner language, and develop or purchase culturally responsive curriculum aligned across both languages. The program is delivered in regular classroom settings during the school day.

Statistical Findings

Positive effect on literacy achievement

No effect on science achievement

No effect on mathematics achievement

More Intervention Details

Focus Areas

English Learners

Programs & Services

Bilingual Education Program, General Education

Delivery Methods

Face-to-Face

Disability Support

N/A

Target Groups

Student(s)

Source

U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, What Works Clearinghouse. (2022). Dual language programs. Retrieved from https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/WWC/intervention/1461.

Study Demographics

These charts show the demographic makeup and geographic setting of the research study that evaluated this intervention's efficacy. When assessing the fit of an intervention, consider whether it was found effective in a context similar to your own.

Participant Race

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Participant Gender

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Other Participant Characteristics

Geographical Setting

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