About the Intervention
Leveled Literacy Intervention (LLI) is a short-term, supplementary, small-group literacy intervention designed to help struggling readers in grades K-2 achieve grade-level competency. LLI provides explicit instruction in phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, reading comprehension, oral language skills, and writing through 30-minute daily sessions delivered in small groups of 3 students for grades K-2 (or 4 students for grades 3-4). The program is intended to be delivered 5 days a week for 12-18 weeks for primary grades. Teachers use the intervention to match students with texts of progressing difficulty and deliver systematic lessons targeted to students' reading ability. Implementation requires teachers to receive 8 days of professional development on LLI materials, instructional techniques, and the online data management system, with continued support during the study period.
Statistical Findings
Positive effect: on general reading achievement
Positive effect: on reading fluency
No effect: on alphabetics
More Intervention Details
Focus Areas
Economically DisadvantagedPrograms & Services
General Education, Remedial EducationDelivery Methods
Face-to-FaceDisability Support
N/ATarget Groups
Student(s)Citation
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, What Works Clearinghouse. (2017). Leveled Literacy Intervention. Retrieved from https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/WWC/intervention/1287.
Study Demographics
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Participant Race
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Participant Gender
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Other Participant Characteristics
Geographical Setting
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