Charter Management Organization (CMO) Schools

Charter Management Organizations (CMOs) are nonprofit organizations that establish and operate multiple charter schools under a common structure and philosophy. CMOs were created to replicate educational approaches that appeared effective, particularly for disadvantaged students. The study examines CMOs operating four or more schools by fall 2007, focusing on their practices, impacts, and effectiveness. CMOs vary in their approaches but commonly emphasize practices such as extended instructional time, comprehensive behavior policies, intensive teacher coaching, performance-based compensation, and frequent use of formative assessments. Implementation varies by CMO but typically involves middle and high schools serving predominantly minority and low-income students in urban areas. Schools are generally smaller than district schools with slightly lower student-teacher ratios. Many CMOs require professional development and training for staff before implementation.