Linguistic Modification of Math Test Items

Linguistic modification is a theory-and research-based process for changing the language in test items in ways that support clarity without simplifying or significantly altering the targeted construct assessed. The linguistic modification is intended to target the reduction of construct-irrelevant language demands (for example, semantic and syntactic complexity) of text through strategies such as reduced sentence length and complexity, use of common or familiar words, and use of concrete language. The linguistic modification is used to facilitate comprehension and increase access to tested content for English language learner students.